THE ECONOMIC INSTITUTE
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Macroeconomics

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ECB Leadership Uncertainty: Why Markets React Even When Interest Rates Don’t Move
Macroeconomics

ECB Leadership Uncertainty: Why Markets React Even When Interest Rates Don’t Move

Speculation around potential leadership changes at the European Central Bank has unsettled markets, even as policy rates remain firmly on hold. This article explores why institutional uncertainty affects currency movements, bond markets, and investor confidence — and why central bank credibility is often as important as the policy rate itself.

19 February 2026
UK Inflation Falls to a One-Year Low: What It Means for Mortgage Rates, Wages, and the Bank of England
Macroeconomics

UK Inflation Falls to a One-Year Low: What It Means for Mortgage Rates, Wages, and the Bank of England

Inflation in the United Kingdom has fallen to its lowest level in nearly a year, easing pressure on households and shifting expectations for the next move from the Bank of England. But beneath the headline decline, deeper questions remain about wage persistence, services inflation, and how quickly mortgage costs could adjust.

19 February 2026
Will Artificial Intelligence Reduce Inflation or Reshape It?
Macroeconomics

Will Artificial Intelligence Reduce Inflation or Reshape It?

Artificial intelligence is often described as inherently disinflationary, a productivity revolution that will lower costs and stabilize prices. The reality is more complex. AI could reduce structural inflation in some sectors while intensifying demand, capital spending, and wage polarization in others. This analysis examines how AI interacts with productivity, labor markets, corporate pricing power, and long-term interest rates.

18 February 2026
Inflation Uncertainty: How Central Banks Set Interest Rates When the Data Is Incomplete
Macroeconomics

Inflation Uncertainty: How Central Banks Set Interest Rates When the Data Is Incomplete

When inflation data is delayed, distorted, or missing, monetary policy does not pause. It adapts. This deep dive explains how central banks build “shadow inflation” signals using nowcasts, high-frequency proxies, and risk-management frameworks, and why markets can misprice the path of rates when the official numbers lie.

17 February 2026
Consumer Spending Resilience and Savings Rate Dynamics
Macroeconomics

Consumer Spending Resilience and Savings Rate Dynamics

How household balance sheets and shifting savings behaviour are sustaining demand despite higher borrowing costs.

12 February 2026
Inflation Persistence and Monetary Policy Transmission Mechanisms
Macroeconomics

Inflation Persistence and Monetary Policy Transmission Mechanisms

A framework for understanding why inflation remains above target despite aggressive tightening cycles.

7 February 2026
Labour Market Dynamics in Post-Pandemic Recovery
Macroeconomics

Labour Market Dynamics in Post-Pandemic Recovery

Structural shifts in employment patterns and their implications for potential output and wage growth.

5 February 2026
Fiscal Sustainability in Advanced Economies
Macroeconomics

Fiscal Sustainability in Advanced Economies

Assessment of debt-to-GDP trajectories and long-term fiscal balance projections across the G7.

31 January 2026

Global Economics

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Africa’s Currency Pressures Are Reshaping Trade, Debt Costs, and Growth Strategies
Global Economics

Africa’s Currency Pressures Are Reshaping Trade, Debt Costs, and Growth Strategies

Several African economies are facing renewed currency depreciation and rising external borrowing costs. This article examines how these pressures affect imports, inflation, investment flows, and long term growth strategies, and why economic resilience depends on stronger regional integration and diversified production.

20 February 2026
China’s Slowing Industrial Momentum and What It Means for Global Trade and Investment Flows
Global Economics

China’s Slowing Industrial Momentum and What It Means for Global Trade and Investment Flows

China’s Slowing Industrial Momentum and What It Means for Global Trade and Investment Flows

19 February 2026
US Iran De escalation Talks and What They Mean for Oil, Inflation, and Global Markets
Global Economics

US Iran De escalation Talks and What They Mean for Oil, Inflation, and Global Markets

Diplomatic progress between the United States and Iran has eased geopolitical tensions and redirected global market sentiment. This article examines how a more stable Middle East outlook affects crude prices, inflation expectations, shipping security, and financial risk premiums across major economies.

19 February 2026
Japan’s Export Surge: Strong Overseas Demand Meets Rising Domestic Risks
Global Economics

Japan’s Export Surge: Strong Overseas Demand Meets Rising Domestic Risks

Japan’s exports have jumped sharply on the back of strong Asian demand, lifting sentiment and supporting growth. Yet beneath the optimism are structural vulnerabilities — from fragile domestic consumption to fiscal pressures and industrial concentration — that complicate the outlook. This article examines how Japan’s export boom fits into the broader macroeconomic picture and what risks policymakers must navigate next.

19 February 2026
Asia’s Record Crude Imports Are Rewriting the Global Oil Map
Global Economics

Asia’s Record Crude Imports Are Rewriting the Global Oil Map

Asia is now importing crude oil at record levels, reshaping global trade routes, shifting strategic alliances, and altering the balance of power among major producers. This article examines how rising demand in the region is transforming supply chains, why geopolitical realignment among exporters matters, and what this means for future energy security.

19 February 2026
The Return of Industrial Policy: How Trade Strategy Is Redrawing Global Supply Chains
Global Economics

The Return of Industrial Policy: How Trade Strategy Is Redrawing Global Supply Chains

Industrial policy is no longer a theoretical debate. It is actively reshaping global trade, semiconductor production, and strategic manufacturing. From subsidy frameworks to tariff leverage, governments are using trade tools to reengineer supply chains. This analysis examines how the United States, Europe, and Asia are deploying industrial policy, and what it means for global competitiveness and long-term growth.

18 February 2026
Oil Prices and Geopolitics: How US Iran Diplomacy Is Moving Energy Markets
Global Economics

Oil Prices and Geopolitics: How US Iran Diplomacy Is Moving Energy Markets

Oil markets are no longer driven by supply and demand fundamentals alone. Diplomatic signals, sanctions risk, and shipping disruptions now shape price expectations as much as inventory data. This analysis explores how negotiations between the United States and Iran are influencing crude prices, global growth expectations, and financial markets.

18 February 2026
Trade Fragmentation and the Reconfiguration of Global Supply Chains
Global Economics

Trade Fragmentation and the Reconfiguration of Global Supply Chains

Assessing the economic costs of geopolitical realignment on international trade flows and sourcing strategies.

12 February 2026
Dollar Dominance and the Rise of Alternative Reserve Currencies
Global Economics

Dollar Dominance and the Rise of Alternative Reserve Currencies

Evaluating threats to the dollar's reserve status from the yuan, euro, and digital currency alternatives.

7 February 2026

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Policy & Regulation

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The New Central Bank Problem: Why “On Hold” Policies Still Create Market Volatility
Policy & Regulation

The New Central Bank Problem: Why “On Hold” Policies Still Create Market Volatility

Even when central banks keep rates steady, markets can react sharply to subtle changes in tone, leadership speculation, and communication gaps. This article explores why “no move” decisions by major central banks still unsettle investors — and how credibility, expectations, and narrative shifts have become critical macroeconomic variables.

19 February 2026
Japan’s Rising Debt Costs: How Higher Issuance and Interest Burdens Are Reshaping Fiscal Policy
Policy & Regulation

Japan’s Rising Debt Costs: How Higher Issuance and Interest Burdens Are Reshaping Fiscal Policy

As borrowing needs rise and market yields become more sensitive to global conditions, Japan is entering a new era of fiscal pressure. Higher debt-servicing costs, record issuance plans, and demographic headwinds are forcing policymakers to confront difficult trade-offs between stability, growth, and fiscal credibility.

19 February 2026
Post-Brexit Trade Frictions: The Economic Cost of Delayed Digital Borders
Policy & Regulation

Post-Brexit Trade Frictions: The Economic Cost of Delayed Digital Borders

The promise of frictionless trade after Brexit depended heavily on digital border systems that would streamline customs, reduce paperwork, and limit delays. As modernization efforts stall, the economic consequences are becoming clearer. This analysis examines how delays in digital border infrastructure in the United Kingdom are affecting trade flows, business investment, and long-term competitiveness.

19 February 2026
Mozambique’s Debt Challenge: Fiscal Consolidation, IMF Pressure, and Market Confidence
Policy & Regulation

Mozambique’s Debt Challenge: Fiscal Consolidation, IMF Pressure, and Market Confidence

Rising financing pressures, limited domestic borrowing capacity, and external debt constraints have pushed Mozambique into a delicate fiscal moment. With scrutiny from the International Monetary Fund intensifying, the country’s path forward illustrates the broader debt sustainability dilemma facing frontier markets.

19 February 2026
Competition Policy in the Age of Digital Platforms
Policy & Regulation

Competition Policy in the Age of Digital Platforms

How antitrust frameworks are adapting to address market power in platform economies. Regulatory approaches across jurisdictions reveal divergent strategies.

12 February 2026
Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanisms and Trade Equity
Policy & Regulation

Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanisms and Trade Equity

Assessing whether carbon tariffs achieve climate goals without disproportionately harming developing economies.

7 February 2026
Central Bank Digital Currency Regulation: A Comparative Framework
Policy & Regulation

Central Bank Digital Currency Regulation: A Comparative Framework

Mapping the regulatory approaches to retail CBDC across 20 jurisdictions and their design trade-offs.

5 February 2026

The Global Economic Brief

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